Teori Kritik Frye dalam Memahami Hadis Perintah Salat di Banī Quraizah pada Kitab Kompilasi Hadis

Abstract

Frye's Critical Theory in Understanding the Hadith of Prayer Commands in Banī Quraizah in the Hadith Compilation Book

The discussion on the understanding of hadith in the two textual and contextual camps is very broad, but has not yet touched on the object of the hadith compilation books. The compilation of hadiths can be seen not only as a work that collects the hadiths of the Prophet, but also as a pattern of understanding hadiths by looking at the pattern of placement of the hadiths of the Prophet in certain chapters that the authors of the hadith compilations deem appropriate based on the text or context. This article discusses the hadith of the Prophet prohibiting his companions from praying, unless they have arrived in the Banī Quraiza area from the aspect of the companions' understanding of this Prophet's order, some of them pray at Bani Quraiza according to the Prophet's orders and some of them pray on the way for fear of delays in time. This article uses Frye's theory with centripetal, centrifugal, and literary myth meanings which are used to analyze the reading/understanding of the text with a focus on the near or far point of the text, as well as the meanings conveyed by the hadith compilers in Tabwīb hadis. With the Frye’s theory approach, it can be emphasized that the hadith compilers have made efforts to understand the hadith with the Tabwīb of this hadith in different chapters. Al-Bukhārī, Muslim, Ibn Ḥibbān, al-Bagawī, al-Ṭabrānī, al-Baihaqī, Abū Yaʻlā, Abū 'Awwānah, 'Abd al-Razzāq, and al-Ḥākim wrote this hadith on an unrelated discussion or theme (Tabwīb) on the understanding of the companions of the Prophet's orders. Muslim and Ibn Ḥibbān place this hadith on the discussion of the companions' obedience to the Prophet's orders, while al-Baihaqī and Abū 'Awwānah place this hadith on the contextual understanding of the companions of the Prophet's orders by considering the provisions of prayer times.